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Zika virus is a mosquito-borne disease similar to dengue fever VALERY HACHE/AFP/Getty Images
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25.050°S 111.921°W depth=10.0km (6.2mi)
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sources: USGS – EMSC – GFZ – GEONET
Published on Apr 28, 2012 by Suspicious0bservers
EARTHQUAKE/SPACEWEATHER/PLANETARY GEOMETRY DATASET:
http://www.4shared.com/office/jQf-jJVD/Earthquakes_Planetary_Bodies_S.html?
TRY THIS IF THAT FIRST LINK BUGS YOU OUT: http://www.mediafire.com/view/?8yd7ddtd2rd7ffb
Sources Used to Compile Data Set: USGS, SDO, SOHO, JPL, Stellarium, fourmilab [Google them if you don’t know.]
PLANETARY GEOMETRY:
Bigbytes – http://dcsymbols.com/future/quepaso.htm
dcsymbols – http://www.youtube.com/user/dcsymbols
EARTH’s ANGULAR VELOCITY & WEATHER CORRELATION
John Thomas Bryant Jr. – http://www.youtube.com/user/astrotometry
SOLAR/SEISMIC CONNECTION:
1) Solar Activity as a Trigger Mechanism For Earthquakes. Simpson, John F. University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, Revised December 16, 1967
[In my opinion, only valuable for the theorized trigger mechanism]
2) Long-Period Trends in Global Seismic and Geomagnetic Activity and their Relation to Solar Activity. S. Odintsov, K. Boyarchuk, K. Georgieva, B. Kirov, D. Atanasov. Russian Academy of Sciences, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia University, Bulgaria. Accepted March 18, 2005.
3) Does the Solar Cycle Modulate Seismic and Volcanic Activty? A. Mazzarella, A. Palumbo. University of Naples, Italy. Accepted April 10, 1989.
SOLAR/ATMOSPHERIC CONNECTION:
Physical Mechanism of the Action of Solar Activty and other Geophysical Factors on the State of the Lower Atmosphere, meteorological parameters, and Climate. M. I. Pudovkin, O. M. Raspoov. Phys.-Usp. 36 644 (http://iopscience.iop.org/1063-7869/36/7/A09). 1993.
CHINA QUAKE – 5/12/2008:
Formation Mechanism of Great Positive TEC Disturbances Prior to Wenchuan Earthquake on May 12, 2008. M. V. Klimenko, V. V. Klimenko, I. E. Zakharenkova, S.A. Pulinets, B. Zhao, M. N. Tsidilina. West Dept. of N.V. Pushkov, Kaliningrad State Technical University, Fedorov Institute of Applied geophysics, IKI (Moscow), Beijing National Observatory of Space Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Accepted March 31, 2011
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Nicaragua Monitors Microseismic Activity Increase in Volcano |
 Managua, Apr 29 (Prensa Latina) Nicaraguan Experts reported Sunday more seismic activity at Masaya volcano, about 20 kilometers south of Managua, with an increase in expulsions of sulfur gases, which keeps the disaster warning system in high alert.According to the report, a crack in the main crater causes higher emissions and a sound similar to a jet engine.
Specialists of the National System for Prevention, Mitigation and Attention to Disasters (SINAPRED) and the Nicaraguan Institute of Territorial Studies (INETER), told the press that they detected this unusual behavior several days ago, but for now there is no reason for alarm. The INETER geophysics director, Angelica Munoz, told the site El 19 Digital they monitor Masayaâ�Ös situation closely because of rising emissions and temperature above the normal range. Technical teams assess the seismic tremor, but there is no emergency declared and the gates of Masaya Volcano National Park remain open to the public, said the director of INETER, Jorge Castro, and the executive secretary of SINAPRED, Guillermo Gonzalez. sgl/ isa/rmh/mjm |
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| Modificado el ( domingo, 29 de abril de 2012 ) |
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by Staff Writers
Moscow (AFP) April 29, 2012
 6.4-magnitude quake strikes off Tonga: USGS Sydney (AFP) April 28, 2012 – A strong 6.4-magnitude earthquake struck off the Pacific nation of Tonga on Saturday, US seismologists said, but there were no immediate reports of damage and no tsunami warning was issued.The quake happened at 11:08 PM (1008 GMT) 78 kilometres (49 miles) from the town of Neiafu, on the south coast of the island Vava’u, at a depth of about 130 kilometres (80 miles), the US Geological Survey (USGS) said.The epicentre of the tremor was 280 kilometres (173 miles) north of the capital Nuku’alofa.The Pacific Tsunami Warning Centre said in a statement that the quake did not generate a tsunami. The USGS had initially reported it as a 6.7-magnitude quake. Tonga, almost 2,000 kilometres (1,240 miles) northeast of New Zealand, lies on the so-called Pacific “Ring of Fire”, where continental plates collide causing frequent seismic activity.
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Moscow sweltered in unseasonable heat on Sunday, with temperatures of nearly 29 degrees Celsius (84.2 Fahrenheit), a record for April since data collection began 130 years ago, authorities said.
“At 4:00 p.m. (1200 GMT), the temperature reached 28.6 degrees Celsius, an absolute record for the month of April,” an official from the Russian capital’s weather service told the Interfax news agency.
“The previous record for the month goes back to April 24, 1950, with 28 degrees,” he added.
The mercury had already climbed to 26.3 degrees on Saturday.
Several central and eastern European countries recorded unseasonably high temperatures on Saturday, with a record 32 degrees recorded in northern Austria.
Central, eastern Europe swelter in record heat
Vienna (AFP) April 28, 2012 – Summer came early to central and eastern Europe as unseasonally high temperatures were recorded Saturday in several parts of Germany, Austria and the Czech Republic.
Temperatures “are exceptionally mild for April”, Austria’s ZAMG meteorological centre said, reporting a record 32 Celsius (90 Fahrenheit) in the northern region of Lower Austria.
The centre said the main reason for the summer weather gracing the region was a strong southern wind from Africa’s Sahara desert.
Temperatures hovering around 28 Celsius (82 Fahrenheit) in Vienna drew large crowds to the banks of the Danube while Germany’s Bild carried frontpage pictures of Berlin residents sunbathing in 30 degrees.
Prague experienced its hottest April 28 in 212 years, with mercury hitting 27.7 Celsius (82 Fahrenheit) while unusually high temperatures were also recorded in Poland and Slovakia.
Related Links
Weather News at TerraDaily.com
| Â | 29.04.2012 | Extreme Weather | Bangladesh | Tripura, Panisagar [Dharmanagar town area] |  |
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Extreme Weather in Bangladesh on Sunday, 29 April, 2012 at 18:32 (06:32 PM) UTC.
| Description | |
| At least three persons including a 76-year-old man was killed and 500 houses collapsed when rain storms swept different parts of Tripura, official sources said on Sunday.A 76-year-old farmer died in Dharmanagar town area and a 30-year-old man died in Panisagar in northern Tripura district when lightning struck them on Saturday, police said.A nine-year-old boy died of electrocution when he came in contact of live wire at Sonamura in Sipahijala district, police said.The pre-monsoon rain accompanied by hailstorm swept different parts of the state collapsing at least 500 houses, uprooting many trees and electric posts.Security forces and civil defence volunteers were engaged in distribution of relief and immediate relieves were given to the next of keens of the deceased, official sources said.At least 12 persons had died within this month due to lightning and electrocution. |
CAPE FLATTERY TO CAPE LOOKOUT POINT ST GEORGE TO POINT ARENA POINT ARENA TO POINT CONCEPTION
BINGHAMTON NY BUFFALO NY
ALBANY NY NEW YORK NY BUFFALO NY TAUNTON MA MOUNT HOLLY NJ BURLINGTON VT STATE COLLEGE PA
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NORMAN OK AMARILLO TX
ST LOUIS MO SPRINGFIELD MO
NORMAN OK TULSA OK SPRINGFIELD MO KANSAS CITY/PLEASANT HILL MO SPOKANE, WA WICHITA KS ST LOUIS MO BOISE ID FAIRBANKS AK
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Poisonous Cloud Could Be Heading Towards The United States
How Dangerous Is It?28 April, 2012
MessageToEagle.com – A highly poisonous cloud depleted with uranium and radioactive material is heading towards the United States
There are many conflicting reports and it remains unclear just how dangerous the cloud is.
On April 22, at 2:a5 am, the Mitsui petrochemical plant exploded in the town Wagi Yamaguchi, Japan. One worker, and 11 people were injured.
In their press release, the plant owner Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. (Toshikazu Tanaka, President & CEO) declared that “causes of the accident are under investigation by authorities.”
full website post here plus links to monitor radiation detection at several world wide locations
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by Staff Writers
Boston MA (SPX) Apr 30, 2012
 Observed change in surface air temperature between 1930 and 1990. Observations are from the NASA GISS Surface Temperature Analysis. Image courtesy of Eric Leibensperger. |
Climate scientists at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have discovered that particulate pollution in the late 20th century created a “warming hole” over the eastern United States-that is, a cold patch where the effects of global warming were temporarily obscured.
While greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane warm the Earth’s surface, tiny particles in the air can have the reverse effect on regional scales.
“What we’ve shown is that particulate pollution over the eastern United States has delayed the warming that we would expect to see from increasing greenhouse gases,” says lead author Eric Leibensperger (Ph.D. ’11), who completed the work as a graduate student in applied physics at SEAS.
“For the sake of protecting human health and reducing acid rain, we’ve now cut the emissions that lead to particulate pollution,” he adds, “but these cuts have caused the greenhouse warming in this region to ramp up to match the global trend.”
At this point, most of the “catch-up” warming has already occurred.
The findings, published in the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, present a more complete picture of the processes that affect regional climate change. The work also carries significant implications for the future climate of industrial nations, like China, that have not yet implemented air quality regulations to the same extent as the United States.
Until the United States passed the Clean Air Act in 1970 and strengthened it in 1990, particulate pollution hung thick over the central and eastern states. Most of these particles in the atmosphere were made of sulfate, originating as sulfur emissions from coal-fired power plants. Compared to greenhouse gases, particulate pollution has a very short lifetime (about 1 week), so its distribution over the Earth is uneven.
“The primary driver of the warming hole is the aerosol pollution-these small particles,” says Leibensperger. “What they do is reflect incoming sunlight, so we see a cooling effect at the surface.”
This effect has been known for some time, but the new analysis demonstrates the strong impact that decreases in particulate pollution can have on regional climate.
The researchers found that interactions between clouds and particles amplified the cooling. Particles of pollution can act as nucleation sites for cloud droplets, which can in turn reflect even more sunlight than the particles would individually, leading to greater cooling at the surface.
The researchers’ analysis is based on a combination of two complex models of Earth systems. The pollution data comes from the GEOS-Chem model, which was first developed at Harvard and, through a series of many updates, has since become an international standard for modeling pollution over time. The climate data comes from the general circulation model developed by NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Both models are rooted in decades’ worth of observational data.
Since the early 20th century, global mean temperatures have risen-by approximately 0.8 degrees Celsius from 1906 to 2005-but in the U.S. “warming hole,” temperatures decreased by as much as 1 degree Celsius during the period 1930-1990. U.S. particulate pollution peaked in 1980 and has since been reduced by about half. By 2010 the average cooling effect over the East had fallen to just 0.3 degrees Celsius.
“Such a large fraction of the sulfate has already been removed that we don’t have much more warming coming along due to further controls on sulfur emissions in the future,” says principal investigator Daniel Jacob, the Vasco McCoy Family Professor of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Engineering at SEAS.
Jacob is also a Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Harvard and a faculty associate of the Harvard University Center for the Environment.
Besides confirming that particulate pollution plays a large role in affecting U.S. regional climate, the research emphasizes the importance of accounting for the climate impacts of particulates in future air quality policies.
“Something similar could happen in China, which is just beginning to tighten up its pollution standards,” says co-author Loretta J. Mickley, a Senior Research Fellow in atmospheric chemistry at SEAS. “China could see significant climate change due to declining levels of particulate pollutants.”
Sulfates are harmful to human health and can also cause acid rain, which damages ecosystems and erodes buildings.
“No one is suggesting that we should stop improving air quality, but it’s important to understand the consequences. Clearing the air could lead to regional warming,” Mickley says.
Leibensperger, Jacob, and Mickley were joined by co-authors Wei-Ting Chen and John H. Seinfeld (California Institute of Technology); Athanasios Nenes (Georgia Institute of Technology); Peter J. Adams (Carnegie Mellon University); David G. Streets (Argonne National Laboratory); Naresh Kumar (Electric Power Research Institute); and David Rind (NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies). The research was supported by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); neither EPRI nor the EPA has officially endorsed the results. The work also benefited from resources provided by Academic Computing Services at SEAS.
Related Links
Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
Climate Science News – Modeling, Mitigation Adaptation
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Published on Apr 29, 2012 by Suspicious0bservers
Earthquake Video:
http://youtu.be/WzWljwtqUIM
http://www.astrobio.net/pressrelease/4718/did-supernovas-boost-life-on-earth
http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-evidence-anti-depressants-good.html
http://www.weather.com/outlook/weather-news/news/articles/forecast-map-2_2011…
http://spaceweather.com/
http://rsd.gsfc.nasa.gov/goes/
http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/haarp/data.html
http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/
http://umtof.umd.edu/pm/
http://sohodata.nascom.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/soho_movie_theater
http://www.ips.gov.au/HF_Systems/6/5
http://solarimg.org/artis/
http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/wsa-enlil/cme-based/
http://hisz.rsoe.hu/alertmap/index2.php
http://ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/SWMF_RealTime_browse.cgi
http://grb.sonoma.edu/
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by Staff Writers
West Lafayette, IN (SPX) Apr 27, 2012
 Researchers are learning details about asteroid impacts going back to the Earth’s early history by using a new method for extracting precise information from tiny “spherules” embedded in layers of rock. The spherules were created when asteroids crashed into Earth, vaporizing rock that expanded as a giant vapor plume. Small droplets of molten rock in the plume condensed and solidified, falling back to the surface as a thin layer. This sample was found in Western Australia and formed 2.63 billion years ago in the aftermath of a large impact. Credit: Oberlin College photo/Bruce M. Simonson. |
Researchers are learning details about asteroid impacts going back to the Earth’s early history by using a new method for extracting precise information from tiny “spherules” embedded in layers of rock.
The spherules were created when asteroids crashed into the Earth, vaporizing rock that expanded into space as a giant vapor plume. Small droplets of molten and vaporized rock in the plume condensed and solidified, falling back to Earth as a thin layer. The round or oblong particles were preserved in layers of rock, and now researchers have analyzed them to record precise information about asteroids impacting Earth from 3.5 billion to 35 million years ago.
“What we have done is provide the foundation for understanding how to interpret the layers in terms of the size and velocity of the asteroid that made them,” said Jay Melosh, an expert in impact cratering and a distinguished professor of earth and atmospheric sciences, physics and aerospace engineering at Purdue University.
Findings, which support a theory that the Earth endured an especially heavy period of asteroid bombardment early in its history, are detailed in a research paper appearing online in the journal Nature on Wednesday (April 25). The paper was written by Purdue physics graduate student Brandon Johnson and Melosh. The findings, based on geologic observations, support a theoretical study in a companion paper in Nature by researchers at the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colo.
The period of heavy asteroid bombardment – from 4.2 to 3.5 billion years ago – is thought to have been influenced by changes in the early solar system that altered the trajectory of objects in an asteroid belt located between Mars and Jupiter, sending them on a collision course with Earth.
“That’s the postulate, and this is the first real solid evidence that it actually happened,” Melosh said.
“Some of the asteroids that we infer were about 40 kilometers in diameter, much larger than the one that killed off the dinosaurs about 65 million years ago that was about 12-15 kilometers. But when we looked at the number of impactors as a function of size, we got a curve that showed a lot more small objects than large ones, a pattern that matches exactly the distribution of sizes in the asteroid belt. For the first time we have a direct connection between the crater size distribution on the ancient Earth and the sizes of asteroids out in space.”
Because craters are difficult to study directly, impact history must be inferred either by observations of asteroids that periodically pass near the Earth or by studying craters on the moon. Now, the new technique using spherules offers a far more accurate alternative to chronicle asteroid impacts on Earth, Melosh said.
“We can look at these spherules, see how thick the layer is, how big the spherules are, and we can infer the size and velocity of the asteroid,” Melosh said. “We can go back to the earliest era in the history of the Earth and infer the population of asteroids impacting the planet.”
For asteroids larger than about 10 kilometers in diameter, the spherules are deposited in a global layer.
“Some of these impacts were several times larger than the Chicxulub impact that killed off the dinosaurs 65 million years ago,” Johnson said. “The impacts may have played a large role in the evolutional history of life. The large number of impacts may have helped simple life by introducing organics and other important materials at a time when life on Earth was just taking hold.”
A 40-kilometer asteroid would have wiped out everything on the Earth’s surface, whereas the one that struck 65 million years ago killed only land animals weighing more than around 20 kilograms.
“Impact craters are the most obvious indication of asteroid impacts, but craters on Earth are quickly obscured or destroyed by surface weathering and tectonic processes,” Johnson said. “However, the spherule layers, if preserved in the geologic record, provide information about an impact even when the source crater cannot be found.”
The Purdue researchers studied the spherules using computer models that harness mathematical equations developed originally to calculate the condensation of vapor.
“There have been some new wrinkles in vapor condensation modeling that motivated us to do this work, and we were the first to apply it to asteroid impacts,” Melosh said.
The spherules are about a millimeter in diameter.
The researchers also are studying a different type of artifact similar to spherules but found only near the original impact site. Whereas the globally distributed spherules come from the condensing vaporized rock, these “melt droplets” are from rock that’s been melted and not completely vaporized.
“Before this work, it was not possible to distinguish between these two types of formations,” Melosh said. “Nobody had established criteria for discriminating between them, and we’ve done that now.”
One of the authors of the Southwest Research Institute paper, David Minton, is now an assistant professor of earth and atmospheric sciences at Purdue.
Findings from the research may enable Melosh’s team to enhance an asteroid impact effects calculator he developed to estimate what would happen if asteroids of various sizes were to hit the Earth. The calculator, “Impact: Earth!” allows anyone to calculate potential comet or asteroid damage based on the object’s mass.
Related Links
Purdue University
Asteroid and Comet Impact Danger To Earth – News and Science
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